What is TMJ Disorder?

TMJ disorder, or temporomandibular joint disorder, is a condition affecting the joints that connect the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. These joints, called the temporomandibular joints (TMJs), are located on each side of the head, in front of the ears. They allow for complex movements involved in chewing, speaking, and facial expressions.

Causes of TMJ Disorder

The exact causes aren’t always clear, but contributing factors may include:

• Injury to the jaw or head: Trauma can damage the joint or surrounding tissues.

• Arthritis: Degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can affect the TMJs.

• Grinding or clenching teeth (bruxism): This places excess pressure on the joint.

• Structural issues: Misaligned bite or imbalanced muscles around the jaw can lead to TMJ problems.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disorder but may include:

• Lifestyle changes: Reducing stress, avoiding hard or chewy foods, and practicing jaw relaxation techniques.

• Physical therapy: Exercises to strengthen and improve flexibility in the jaw.

• Medication: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, or muscle relaxants.

• Dental splints or mouthguards: These can help manage teeth grinding and clenching.

• Surgery: In severe cases, surgical intervention might be considered, though it's usually a last resort.

If you suspect TMJ disorder, a healthcare provider or dentist can help diagnose the condition and suggest the most appropriate treatment plan.